red herring的词源

英文词源

red herring (n.)

"smoked herring" early 15c. (they turn red when cured), as opposed to white herring "fresh herring." Supposedly used by fugitives to put bloodhounds off their scent (1680s), hence metaphoric sense (1864) of "something used to pert attention from the basic issue;" earlier simply "a false lead":

Though I have not the honour of being one of those sagacious country gentlemen, who have so long vociferated for the American war, who have so long run on the red-herring scent of American taxation before they found out there was no game on foot; (etc.) [Parliamentary speech dated March 20, 1782, reprinted in "Beauties of the British Senate," London, 1786]

中文词源

red herring：转移注意力的东西（或话题）

herring是“鲱鱼”,red herring原指“熏鲱”,因熏过的鲱鱼呈红色，故得此名。17世纪时逃犯常用熏鲱一类气味很浓的东西引开猎犬使其不能循嗅迹继续追踪，据此产生了draw a red herring across the path（或track, trail）一语，原意是“以熏鲱引开猎犬使其不循嗅迹追猎”，后用比喻“转移对主要问题的注意力”或“扯些不相干的事转移讨论中心”。之后把此语缩略为a red herring，以之喻指“转移注意力的东西（话题）”。

另有一种解释说，旧时有些猎人在训练猎犬时往往有意用熏鲱在猎犬穿过的路上先拖曳一遍，以此检验猎犬是否会失去嗅迹而放弃对真正猎物的追踪，训练猎犬慢慢提高嗅觉的灵敏度，学会排除其他气味的干扰。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：red herring 词源，red herring 含义。